Currently, the implementation of national standards for Electric Bikes products GB17761-1999 "General Electric Bicycle conditions" (hereinafter referred to as the GB17761 standard), the standard drafted in 1998, implemented in 1999. What happened was, the electric bicycle from behind through the second third started, the key technologies become more sophisticated, sealed lead-acid batteries, wheel motor starting applications and a good response; increasingly favorable policy environment, environmental protection, energy saving popular, Jin Mo , limit friction become a consensus. Electric bicycle with zero emissions, low noise, convenient and economical advantages, and gradually accepted by consumers. From 2003 onwards, driven by a variety of favorable factors, the electric bicycle industry by leaps and bounds into a super-normal period of development, with annual sales of more than 80% annually, has been with the formation of a large number of independent intellectual property rights, the size of over 100 billion yuan of new industries.

GB17761 for the electric bicycle is defined as: electric bike is the battery as an auxiliary energy, with two wheels, to achieve human riding, electric or electric bikes to help move the special features. GB17761 has set up 34 test standard terms of importance are divided into three categories: rejected projects, important projects, general project. There are three of them rejected the project, there are 18 major projects, there are 13 general project. GB17761 standard type of electric bicycle tests, reject the project where there is a failure, the failure to determine the subjects of electric bicycles; important to allow three failed projects, such as the emergence of four failed, deemed to have failed; general project allow four failed, if there five failed, the same deemed to have failed. Three types of test items is a parallel relationship.

Reject the project must pay attention to

Maximum speed, braking performance, frame / fork assembly strength and other safety indicators, the project is rejected.

1 with a maximum speed

GB17761 standard, the maximum speed electric bicycles should not exceed 20km / h. In GB7258-2005 "motor vehicle safety technology operating conditions", the maximum speed of 20km / h as the distinction between electric bicycle or moped boundaries; the same time, "Road Traffic Safety Law" also stipulates that electric bikes should be within the non-motorized vehicles driving, driving in non-motor tract, the maximum speed not exceeding 15 km.

GB17761 standards will be the maximum speed limit in 20km / h or less, taking into account the non-motorized trail bike in traffic, such as riding too fast, high incidence of traffic accidents, endangering personal safety. Limit the maximum speed, designed to ensure that cyclists and other traffic participants safety.

2 braking performance

GB17761 standard, the highest speed electric bike riding, its dry braking distance should be less than 4m, wet braking distance should not exceed 15m. This is a key indicator to ensure the safety of riding.

As the GB17761 standard two seat disabled scooter should not exceed the maximum speed of 20km / h, so the corresponding 4m limits are 20km / h speed the following provisions. Obviously, for the same braking performance electric bicycles, the higher the speed, the longer the braking distance.

3 frame / fork assembly strength

The project is divided into the frame / fork assembly impact strength and frame / fork assembly vibration strength of two.

Frame / fork assembly impact strength: first, a heavy test (by 22.5kg hammer falling from a vertical height of 180 mm, frame / fork assembly should not have cracks, between the front and rear axle center line of permanent deformation amount not greater than 40 mm), second drop test (frame / fork assembly at the saddle tube free fall impact load 70kg twice, no cracks around).

Frame / fork assembly vibration intensity: the frame / fork assembly and the battery load 65kg load, installed on a dedicated vibration test machine vibration test, vibration test by 70000 times, frame / fork of the parts may not have damage, significant deformation or loose.

If the project failed, could cause the rider in normal riding due to frame / fork assembly fracture injury event occurred.

Electrical performance can not be ignored

Has three major projects in: insulation, brake power unit, under-voltage over-current protection; in general has a project: electrical installations and the electrical parameters.

1 insulation

Electric bikes electrical system should take its water-resistant measures, the system should not be exposed to all wiring, electric bicycles and electrical components of the shell body should not be charged, the insulation resistance value shall not be less than 2MΩ. This is an important indicator of electrical system performance, if failed, then the electrical components that may exist between the phenomena and even short-circuit leakage risks, the light affect the driving distance and battery life, weight will cause a fire or cause harm to humans. In recent years, media have reported incidents of electric bikes on fire, some burning vehicle, and some will stop warehouse burned, cause some harm to society, for which the index must be strictly controlled. Another important need is long-term use of electric bicycles, wiring and connectors will be defaced or bad, electrical performance will gradually decline, may be dangerous, enterprises should actively take measures that harm the instructions and pay attention to issues, and recommends that users should be checked regularly to professional service organizations, while users in the use of electric bicycles, they should pay attention to the relevant maintenance requirements.

2 voltage over-current protection

The purpose of setting the value of undervoltage protection is to prevent deep battery discharge, the industry usually voltage value 36V electric bike designed 31.5V, the voltage value of individual enterprises is lower than 30V, intended to improve driving distance, but in fact cause the battery depth of discharge and greatly shorten the battery life. Overcurrent protection value set is intended to prevent large current discharge of the battery, motor and other damage, so as to effectively protect the battery, motor. Some companies in order to improve the speed of electric bikes and climbing ability, the controller limits the current value of the design is too large, so often in high-current discharge battery status, shorten battery life; the motor temperature is too high, prolonged fever caused by magnet motor demagnetization reduce the motor efficiency, resulting in premature motor failure.

3 battery capacity

Battery capacity with security hours (Ah), ie the stability of the discharge current with the corresponding time. Electric bikes with battery capacity is 2 hours rate capacity, that capacity divided by 2 of the current discharge (such as with 5A current discharge 10Ah, 14Ah current discharge with 7A), the time must meet or exceed 2 hours. In general, the higher the number of hours the battery safety electric vehicles longer mileage, the more powerful force. There is a virtual standard battery capacity, in particular, now commonly used lead-acid batteries, other types of individual enterprises to borrow to mark the standard battery of electric bicycle battery capacity to mislead the consumer. For example, 10Ah (2hr) electric bike batteries, be labeled as 12Ah (10hr) or 14Ah (20hr).

In addition, lead-acid battery capacity will change with temperature. When the ambient temperature, the cells increased the activity within the active substance, the electrolyte viscosity decrease, the resistance decreases, the electrochemical reaction is easy to make, otherwise not easily. Discharge temperature is lower, the capacity will fall significantly, high temperatures and vice versa; charging the lower the temperature, the worse the charge acceptance, capacity can not be sufficient. Conversely the higher the temperature the better charge acceptance capacity is easy enough. To this end, a fully charged mileage in winter than in summer time full of power may be reduced a lot of mileage. Batteries should be kept indoors as much as possible, and in the room charge, the battery is fully charged, the general floating charge should be 2 hours.

Other requirements

1 continues the course

This indicator is most concern to consumers of performance indicators, means of electric bicycles on a single charge of continuous mileage. In recent years, development, electric bike to continue the mileage rose rapidly, driving distance is about 25km from the original, raised to 50km, 60km, 80km, etc., to satisfy people's travel needs. Many companies also publicize the indicators as a selling point. In fact, driving distance by speed, road conditions, load, start times and other factors, some companies may sometimes be unable to reach the value of publicity. Enterprises in the promotion of the indicators, in addition to the standard conditions to obtain the test data, the need based on actual usage (such as roads, load, etc.), the appropriate leave room for reasonable publicity. Hype, it can lead consumers to misunderstandings, leading to after-sales costs, user satisfaction decline.

2 requires the reflector

Although the reflector is generally in the GB17761 standard items, but involves riding safety, "Road Traffic Safety Law" Article 18 of this there is a corresponding provision. According to GB17761 standard, reflector optical performance required to achieve QB2191-1995 "bicycle reflectors" standard minimum grade requirements. Now, the vast majority of companies that already have a new electric bicycle headlights and taillights, and this is the general project, minor, this very seriously. In fact, as an active safety lighting is required, as a passive reflector safety requirements, the light can not replace the function of the reflector. Electric bicycles are transportation disadvantaged areas of transport, enterprises should pay more for consumer safety considerations, attention to detail, improve quality, ensure safety of users.

The revised standards

GB17761 standard implemented in 1999, nearly 10 years ago. In the market demand, the electric bicycle products developed rapidly in recent years, industry has expanded rapidly, technical specifications and performance has been greatly improved, models greatly enriched varieties, there has been large-scale, high-speed development trend, GB17761 standards have lagged behind the industry. Since 2002, electric bicycles began to revise the national standard, during the two rounds of approval, the end result did not reach consensus on indicators of delays in the introduction. In September 2006, the state electric bicycles with the National Quality Supervision and Inspection Center for Industrial Development and Reform Commission investigation, the classification of two management models of electric cars on the GB17761 standard for Approval of the "maximum speed" and "vehicle quality" safety performance indicators and other technical validation, and to participate in electric motorcycle six standard-setting. National Standards Committee leadership for electric bicycles and electric motorcycle technology boundaries, divided attention, is to study coordination.

GB17761 standard draft for approval, compared with the original standard was mainly limited to electric bike technology to further restrict the scope of large-scale, to improve security. Draft for Approval to cancel the terms of the original standard classification, in addition to some of the terms do not involve safety provisions as recommended, the remaining projects are adjusted to the mandatory provisions, and remove some of the terms does not apply, such as riding the biggest noise. Taking into account the requirements of product development and testing, for Approval on the basis of the original standard, an increase of anti-control function, water resistance, resistance to vibration of the vehicle, such as testing requirements, the frame / fork assembly vibration strength requirements increased from 70,000 to 100,000, and will be part of the electrical performance targets and reflector requirements into mandatory provisions. The revised standards in the technical requirements of clause 32, of which 25 mandatory provisions, recommended provisions 7.